Soninke is a Mande language spoken by around 2 million people across western Mali, eastern Senegal, southern Mauritania, and parts of Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, and Burkina Faso. The Soninke are historically associated with the ancient Ghana Empire and long-distance West African trade. The US Soninke-speaking community is part of the broader West African immigrant population. Our Soninke translation work is occasional and typically tied to USCIS family-reunification paperwork and the community-association documents of Soninke trading networks.